by The CoF
Porter magazine Winter 2014 #5 issue : Editorial : Pure Christy Model : Christy Turlington Photography : Inez & Vinoodh Styling : Brandon Maxwell Advertisements
Categories: Fashion, Magazines • Tags: Christy Turlington, Fall 2014, Inez & Vinoodh, Porter Magazine
by The CoF
The beautiful Polish model Ola Rudnicka presents the new fine jewelry ARCHI DIOR collection in the latest editorial of Dior Magazine for its Fall 2014 issue shot by photographer Ben Hassett. Dior Magazine Fall 2014 issue : Editorial : These Luxurios Objects of Desire Model : Ola Rudnicka Photographer : Ben Hassett Styling : Ondine Azoulay Hair : Christian Eberhard Make-up : Petros Petrohilos. Related articles Eliza Cummings for Vogue Japan by Ben Hassett Karlina Caune Shines in Dior Magazine F/W 2013 by Ben Hassett Victorian Temptress Editorials – […]
Categories: Beauty, Fashion, Jewelry, Magazines • Tags: Ben Hassett, Dior, Dior Magazine, Fall 2014, Ola Rudnicka
by The CoF
V Fall 2014 #91 issue : Editorial : Venus In Furs Model : AndreeaDiaconu Photographer : Sølve Sundsbø Styling : George Cortina
Categories: Fashion, Magazines • Tags: Andreea Diaconu, Fall 2014, Sølve Sundsbø, v magazine
by The CoF
V Fall 2014 #91 issue : Editorial : Nars Attacks Model : Daria Strokous Photographer : Francois Nars Styling : Patti Wilson
Categories: Fashion, Magazines • Tags: Daria Strokous, Fall 2014, François Nars, v magazine
by The CoF
Kate Moss graces the four covers of AnOther Magazine Autumn/Winter 2014 issue. According to the magazine there is not ‘never enough’ of the British supermodel that this year celebrated her 40th anniversary and 25 brilliant years in the fashion industry. AnOther celebrates the new season and the supermodel with four cover starring Kate, seen through the eyes of some of the most creative minds in the industry today : ” Kate the Warholian muse by Olivier Rizzo and Willy Vanderperre; […]
Categories: Celebrities, Fashion, Magazines • Tags: Another Magazine, Collier Schorr, Craig McDean, Fall 2014, Jefferson Hack, Kate Moss, willy vanderperre
by The CoF
LOVE #12 Fall 2014 issue : Editorial : Ribbons It’s Frilling Models : Christy Turlington & Adriana Lima Photography : Inez & Vinoodh Styling : Panos Yiapanis Make–Up: Dick Page Hair : James Pecis
Categories: Fashion, Magazines • Tags: Adriana Lima, Christy Turlington, Fall 2014, Inez & Vinoodh, love magazine
by The CoF
Supermodel Christy Turlington covers the Fall 2014 issue of biannual magazine Love. An issue dedicated to “obsessive desire and fashion as a seasonal parade of fetish objects,” according to Love’s editor-in-chief Katie Grand . With white flying hair, dressed a dress by Giles, rings by van Lamsweerde and Matadin the model poses for Dutch duo Inez van Lamsweerde and Vinoodh Matadin for the cover of the new issue . An American Girl as the cover announced transformed beautifully with the help of Love’s fashion director, […]
Categories: Fashion, Magazines • Tags: Christy Turlington, Fall 2014, Inez & Vinoodh, Katie Grand, love magazine
by The CoF
Cara Delevingne and Leona Binx Walton became the faces of Chanel Fall/Winter 2014-2015 ad campaign shot by Karl Lagerfeld himself. Lagerfeld’s darling Cara Delevingne had to learn the basics of boxing (maybe this is the reason she skiped the Chanel Couture fashion show) Her partner on set and rival in the boxing ring became the rising star of the world of modeling Leona Binx Walton. Arranging an impromptu show in a supermarket, Karl Lagerfeld seems to have decided that the idea was enough exploited, […]
Categories: Fashion • Tags: Cara Delevingne, Chanel, Fall 2014, Karl Lagerfeld, Leona Binx Walton
by The CoF
Although Paris Haute Couture Fashion Week Fall 2014 will very soon come to an end, all the major and most anticipated shows are over and the guests are already packing their bags. Paris during couture fashion week is a place for eccentricities, and for luxury. But except some translucent long dresses, lace, colorful prints , crazy furs and light coats for the unpredictable weather of Paris the street style at this couture week wasn’t so impressible. Here we bring you the best shots […]
Categories: Fashion, Street Style • Tags: Fall 2014, Haute couture, Paris
by The CoF
Sergio Rossi presents its Fall/Winter 2014- 2015 ad campaign starring American model Hilary Rhoda. “Here we combine the poetic and the romantic, the dramatic and the Gothic,” Angelo Ruggieri, creative designer of Sergio Rossi said, adding that “In luxury you have to talk to the inspiration or dreams of a woman.” A concept that is perfectly depicted in the new ad campaign of the Italian shoe brand and shot by Camilla Akrans under the art direction of Susanna Cucco. A […]
Categories: Fashion • Tags: camilla akrans, Fall 2014, Hilary Rhoda, Sergio Rossi
by The CoF
A small keychain with two boxing gloves hanging from it, in black with Wang’s AW initials on the back. This is the breakthrough of the most anticipated collaboration of fall 2014 , that Alexander Wang and H & M have offered on their social networks to all fans . The news saw the light on 13 April at the Coachella music festival in Indio Valley, California, also through the social media, Twitter accounts and Instagram giving the news to the world. After the […]
Categories: Designers, Fashion • Tags: Alexander Wang, Fall 2014, H & M, November 2014
by The CoF
Last Sunday ,Paris Haute Couture Fashion Week Fall 2014 kicked off . It opened with the show of Atelier Versace, and guests decided not to skip the event organized by Donatella. Now with the shows in full swing we are starting to be bombed with “stylish” photo reports from the chic streets of Paris . Though it’s been three days of fashion week and behind such important shows like Atelier Versace, Christian Dior, Chanel,Giambattista Valli or Armani Prive , guests still look quite […]
Categories: Fashion, Street Style • Tags: Fall 2014, Haute couture, Paris
by The CoF
“I love the Fifties couture. For me, it was the most perfect in cut and construction,” said Donatella Versace backstage at the Atelier Versace Fall 2014 fashion show yesterday during Haute Couture Fashion Week Fall 2014. But the 50’s had nothing to do with this collection, and Versace generally. Instead it was all about cutting and deconstruction in a very sartorial way : perfect-fit corseted silhouettes, ample asymmetry which let a lot of skin to be seen,a column dress with a single trouser leg adorned […]
Categories: Fashion • Tags: atelier versace, Fall 2014, Haute couture
by The CoF
Cara Delevingne, Jourdan Dunn,Ysaunny Brito, Issa Lish, Binx Walton and newcomer Kayla Scott are the cast of Balmain’s Fall/Winter 2014-2015 . Olivier Rousteing , creative designer at Balmain returned to the modeling world after last season Rihanna was the one starring in the shots of the ad campaign . With this new ad campaign shot by Mario Sorrenti , Rousteing is touching a sensitive subject in the fashion world : diversity . And with this diverse cast of models he just did […]
Categories: Fashion • Tags: balmain, Cara Delevingne, Fall 2014, Jourdan Dunn, Mario Sorrenti
by The CoF
Natasha Poly, Raquel Zimmermann, Anja Rubik and Suvi Koponen are the stellar cast of the new advertising campaign of Gucci Fall/Winter 2014-2015 . The girls dressed in outfits from fall collection devoted to the 60s era were photographed by Mert Alas & Marcus Piggott . The Italian fashion house Gucci is among the last to introduce its fall/winter 2014 advertising campaign . The images are deliberately old, to give them a vintage look. All four models dressed in a fur jacket with a long nap, […]
Categories: Fashion • Tags: Anja Rubik, Fall 2014, Gucci, Mert & Marcus, Natasha Poly, Raquel Zimmermann, Suvi Koponen
by The CoF
NARS Fall 2014 collection is inspired by the glamour of the 70’s ,expressing the luxury of the nights , with shining eyeliner and palettes of jewel and pearl tones in its center. Luxurious lips and smoky eyes, to produce a glamorous make-up for the autumn’s dark times. “NARS Night Series eyeliner” is the item of interest that have been inspired from the popular “Night Series” of NARS ,available in shimmering pearl and dense color. Based on jet black matte, shine of micro pearl in green and gold, navy, purple, the colors gorgeously intensify […]
by The CoF
Anthony Vaccarello, a fan of blood-red color, aggressive cuts and deep cleavage,presents his first ad campaign, and as expected,his muse model Anja Rubik became the star of it. The 31-year-old Italian-Belgian designer gained fame while his friend and muse, Anja Rubik walked the red carpet of MET Gala 2012 in a sultry high-slit white gown signed by Vaccarello . His vampy style catch the eye of Donatella Versace contacting him as creative director at Versus. His first collection for the house will debut in […]
Categories: Fashion • Tags: Anja Rubik, Anthony Vaccarello, Fall 2014, Inez & Vinoodh
by The CoF
Stacy Martin became the face of Miu Miu Fall/Winter 2014-2015 collection. The young actress, that you remember from Lars Von Trier’s controversial film Nymphomaniac,appeared at the film première in New York dressed in a Prada dress and at the after party she wore a Miu Miu dress. So it looks like Miuccia Prada had her eyes on her for some time now. Stacy Martin makes a return to her modeling roots starring in Miu Miu’s ad campaign. The author of the beautiful […]
Categories: Fashion • Tags: Fall 2014, Miu Miu, Stacy Martin, Steven Meisel
by The CoF
Balenciaga released its Fall/Winter 2014-2015 ad campaign starring Gisele Bundchen. Gisele Bundchen rarely makes an appearance on the catwalk these days, so her presence in the show of Balenciaga back in February became a reason to think. Because when she does appear in a fashion show it is because she’s the image of that brand. And now we have the confirmation that was the same case for Balenciaga. And the Brazilian supermodel collects another ad campaign this season. Gisele became the face of the […]
Categories: Fashion, Models • Tags: Balenciaga, Fall 2014, Gisele Bündchen, Steven Klein
by The CoF
Emilio Pucci chose Gisele Bundchen as the face of its advertising campaign for fall / winter 2014-2015 collection. The top has been portrayed on a minimal background and with her hair in the wind, while sporting a hot hood, a mini-dress with the fashion house’s iconic print studded studs, a full mannish illuminated by a myriad of applications and a sweater with fringes. The adv was shot in New York by Mario Sorrenti, under the creative direction of Peter Dundas.
Categories: Fashion • Tags: Emilio Pucci, Fall 2014, Gisele Bündchen, Mario Sorrenti
by The CoF
Louis Vuitton introduced the new advertising campaign for Fall 2014 in support of the debut collection of Nicolas Ghesquière as creative director of the brand. To celebrate the debut collection of Ghesquière and the desire to make it a real event made the iconic French fashion house to invite to shoot the campaign not one but three photographers with an impressive portfolio: Bruce Webber, Annie Leibovitz and Juergen Teller, who was the one that shoot the lookbook of the collection.. Heroines of the shooting […]
Categories: Fashion, Photography • Tags: annie leibovitz, Bruce Weber, Charlotte Gainsbourg, Fall 2014, Freja Beha Erichsen, Juergen Teller, Louis Vuitton
by The CoF
Gisele Bundchen returns after three years to collaborate with Isabel Marant,as the face of the Fall 2014 ad campaign. The Brazilian supermodel has starred for the campaign of Isabel Marant first time for the Spring/Summer 2012 collection; she appeared as a retro girl hailing from somewhere in the 80s of the last century. And here’s a few years later the Gisele returns, this time succeeding the Ukrainean model, Daria Werbowy. For a new advertising campaign Gisele has tried things from the […]
Categories: Fashion • Tags: Fall 2014, Gisele Bündchen, Isabel Marant
by The CoF
43-year-old Claudia Schiffer, German supermodel, actress and UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador of the United Kingdom became the main heroine of the colorful advertising campaign of Dolce & Gabbana Fall/Winter 2014-2015, replacing Italian actress Monica Bellucci and fellow supermodel, Eva Herzigova. The images of the Fall 2014 ad campaign reminiscent of medieval tales, each of which has all the necessary attributes : a magical forest, delicate princesses in chic dresses, crowns, covered with stones, and even an enchanted apple in the hands of the beautiful […]
Categories: Fashion, Models, Photography • Tags: ad campaign, bianca balti, Claudia Schiffer, Dolce & Gabbana, Fall 2014
by The CoF
Nars Cosmetics and 3.1 Phillip Lim are launching a collection of nine nail polishes for Fall 2014 . After a 14-season collaboration the fashion designer and beauty brand are releasing a limited edition collection of nail polishes that will hit the store shelves on July 15, 2014 and will sell for $20.00. The names of the shades are perfect for the moody fall and range from african violet to bitter chocolate : Anarchy (Angora) , Crossroads (African violet), Hell-Bent (Lacquer Red), […]
Categories: Beauty, Nail • Tags: 3.1 Phillip Lim, Fall 2014, NARS
by The CoF
These are the images that make us dream at the Fall 2014 season. After the pleasant glut of fast food that Jeremy Scott gave us in Milan with his debut collection for Moschino, something was missing for telling us that trash culture and the american way of life are key players. And today, the best of his secrets, his campaign for autumn-winter 2014 / 2015 finally sees the light: Linda Evangelista, Carolyn Murphy, Saskia de Brauw, Raquel Zimmerman, Karen Elson and Stella Tennant […]
Categories: Fashion, Models, Photography • Tags: ad campaign, Alexa Chung, Burberry, Cara Delevingne, Fall 2014, Givenchy, Hugo Boss, Linda Evangelista, Marc Jacobs, Moschino, Prada
by The CoF
Kendall Jenner stars in Givenchy Fall 2014 ad campaign alongside Italian model Mariacarla Boscono ,best friend of Riccardo Tisci, creative director of Givenchy. As well as model Jamie Bouchert and the son of supermodel Stephanie Seymour, Peter Brant II. The moody dark campaign was shot by duo Mert & Marcus. The young sister of Kim Kardashian, Kendall Jenner made her high-fashion debut last September during New York Fashion Week Fall 2014, when she walked the runway for Marc Jacobs. Then […]
Categories: Fashion, News • Tags: Fall 2014, Givenchy, Kendall Jenner, Mert & Marcus
by The CoF
Gisele Bündchen is the new face of Stuart Weitzman. The Brazilian model replaced Kate Moss after two seasons as the image of the American shoe brand. Gisele will star in the Fall/Winter 2014-2015 ad campaign but the brand didn’t talk about the length of the contract they signed with her. The new ad campaign which depicts the supermodel dressed just in a pair of white jeans was shot in New York by Mario Testino the same photographer that shot the previous campaigns of […]
Categories: Fashion, Models • Tags: Fall 2014, Gisele Bündchen, Mario Testino, Stuart Weitzman
by The CoF
The Jill Stuart Crystal Black Fall 2104 collection is filed with the mysterious touch of jewelry. The cosmetics of the new collection are closed in a beautiful package that remembers of antique jewelry, chic and feminine. Every case features a black Swarovski crystal. The collection includes two a limited 4 eyeshadow palettes of different shades of gold, peach with a touch of black and green great for the night and party scenes. Lipstick are available in pink, peach and nude shades, classic tones in the Jill Stuart makeup […]
Categories: Beauty, Makeup • Tags: Fall 2014, Jill Stuart
by The CoF
The number 12 is the new lucky number for beauty-sphere : after Givenchy complemented its lipsticks Le Rouge line with 12 new shades , Dior announced that in its fall 2014 makeup collection will add 12 new eye shadow pallets.The fashion house of Dior has decided to completely renovate the permanent collection of eye shadows. For fall the brand will launch 12 new 5 Couleurs Palette, which mean 60 new eye shadows . Some of the shades that will find their place in the new […]
by The CoF
The luxury artisanal eyewear brand A-Morir presented during Paris fashion week their Fall/Winter 2014-2015 collection. Kerin Rose Weinberg, the brand’s founder , opted for gold flowers, colored crystals and fringes to decorated her trendy sunglasses so much loved by the fashionistas. Related articles Sergio Rossi Fall/Winter 2014-2015 Collection Jerome C. Rousseau Fall/Winter 2014-2015 Collection Alejandro Ingelmo Fall/Winter 2014-2015 Collection On Vacation with A-Morir Eyewear Designer Kerin Rose Weinberg A-Morir : Eccentric ,Fun,Theatrical, Baroque Sunglasses A-Morir Designer Kerin Rose On Wearing Sweatpants To The Club
Categories: Accessories • Tags: A-Morir, Fall 2014, fall/winter 2014-2015, Kerin Rose Weinberg
by The CoF
Photos by Xavier Garnet for WWD.com
Categories: Accessories • Tags: Christian Louboutin, Fall 2014, fall/winter 2014-2015
by The CoF
Photos by Delphine Achard for WWD.com
Categories: Accessories • Tags: Bottega Veneta, Fall 2014, fall/winter 2014-2015
by The CoF
For Fall/Winter 2014-2015 accessories collection Italian designer Marco de Vincenzo continues to impress through the use of bold colors and innovative fabrics and designs. Italian designer Marco de Vincenzo has recently caught the attention of fashion giant LVMH that invested in the label of the young designer. He was also one of the most followed designers during the Milanese fashion week Fall/Winter 2014-2015. He got the attention of the international press and buyers after winning Vogue Italia’s “Who is on Next” fashion design competition in 2009. Related […]
Categories: News • Tags: Fall 2014, fall/winter 2014-2015, Marco de Vincenzo
by The CoF
Photos by Andrea Delbò for WWD.com
Categories: Accessories • Tags: Casadei, Fall 2014, fall/winter 2014-2015
by The CoF
Categories: Accessories • Tags: Brian Atwood, Fall 2014, fall/winter 2014-2015
by The CoF
Photos by Davide Maestri for WWD.com Related articles Jerome C. Rousseau Fall/Winter 2014-2015 Collection Alejandro Ingelmo Fall/Winter 2014-2015 Collection Manolo Blahnik Fall/Winter 2014-2015 Collection
Categories: Accessories • Tags: Fall 2014, fall/winter 2014-2015, Sergio Rossi
by The CoF
Categories: Accessories • Tags: Fall 2014, fall/winter 2014-2015, Giuseppe Zanotti
by The CoF
Burberry Prorsum Fall/Winter 2014-2015 accessories collection includes footwear and handbags in hand painted leather and ethnic motifs. A hand painted bag in crocodile leather is the star of the collection. A romantic collection perfect for bohemian lovers and not only.
Categories: Accessories • Tags: Burberry, burberry prorsum, Fall 2014, fall/winter 2014-2015
by The CoF
For his Tom Ford Fall/Winter 2014-2015 accessories collection the designer that accustomed us with ‘sexy,very sexy’ creations went for more classic shapes and colors like black and brown but he did not give up exotic leather and prints for the footwear and gold details for bags. images by AC Cooper Ltd. Related articles Alejandro Ingelmo Fall/Winter 2014-2015 Collection Jerome C. Rousseau Fall/Winter 2014-2015 Collection Manolo Blahnik Fall/Winter 2014-2015 Collection Tom Ford Fall/Winter 2014-2015 Collection – London Fashion Week
Categories: Accessories • Tags: Fall 2014, fall/winter 2014-2015, Footwear, Tom Ford
by The CoF
Manolo Blahnik presented for the first time its new collection during New York Fashion Week .Manolo Blahnik Fall 2014 presentation took place at Paul Kasmin Gallery (the ex-home of the nightclub Bungalow 8). Various inspirations from nineteenth-century literature, to Spanish art or the Victorian era all found their place and interpretation in the new collection. A bottine, built of shocking pink satin, with hand-sewn crystals, a pump with black pom-pom trim, and an embellished pump with red, hot pink and pale pink tassels or a mule, […]
Categories: Accessories • Tags: Fall 2014, fall/winter 2014-2015, Manolo Blahnik
by The CoF
For Fall/Winter 2014-2015 the Soho-based shoe designer Alejandro Ingelmo based his collection on black and nude shades enhancing the classic silhouette of the shoes with gold or silver details. Related articles Alejandro Ingelmo Resort 2014 Collection
Categories: Accessories • Tags: Alejandro Ingelmo, Fall 2014, fall/winter 2014-2015
by The CoF
During New York Fall/Winter 2014-2015, shoes designer Jerome C. Rousseau presented his new collection. Rich colors like green , red and electric blue are enhanced by beautiful details like gold flower heels and zipper embellishments.
Categories: Accessories • Tags: Fall 2014, fall/winter 2014-2015, Jerome C. Rousseau
by The CoF
Tokyo Fashion Week Fall/Winter 2014-2015 is in full swing.It started on Monday 17 March and will end on Saturday 22 March. Today we bring you a selection of the best images from the street of the Japanese city . The Tokyo’s looks are always vibrant, imaginative and quirky even though tailored, minimal and chic looks were seen a lot this season. images via WWD.com
Categories: Fashion, Street Style • Tags: Fall 2014, fall/winter 2014-2015, Fashion week, Tokyo
by The CoF
Last week ended Paris Fashion Week Fall 2014 and with it the first fashion week season of this year. Now is the time to draw the line and do a recap of the most impressive bags presented by the French designers for autumn/winter 2014-15 season. Crocodile leather and tweed, neon colors, lettering and classic monogram, briefcases, suitcases and even designer plastic bags and baskets for food, there is something for every taste and occasion! Related articles Louis Vuitton autumn/winter 2014 at Paris Fashion Week […]
Categories: Accessories, Fashion, Fashion Week • Tags: Balenciaga, Chanel, Dior, Fall 2014, Nina Ricci, Paris Fashion Week
by The CoF
During Paris Fashion Week Fall/Winter 2014-15 season accessories designer also presented their latest collections. Collections that distinguished themselves by details such as ‘fringe and fur to increasingly luxe fabrications in a rich 1970s-inspired palette’ . Today we present you a preview of some of the most memorable styles. Stay tuned to see entire collections of your favorite designer, coming very soon . Related articles Paris Fashion Week | Weekend Special Paris Women’s Fashion Week Fall/Winter 2014 Street Style Report – […]
Categories: Accessories, Fashion Week • Tags: aquazzura, Charlotte Olympia, Fall 2014, Francesco Russo, Paris Fashion Week, Paul andrew, Pierre Hardy, Tamara Mellon
by The CoF
Today we present you a selection of the most beautiful, bright and unusual shoes created by French fashion houses for the Fall/Winter 2014-2015 season. At Miu Miu models put on a colorful transparent rubber boots with heels screws, Hedi Slimane for Saint Laurent shoes strewn with multicolored sequins , Raf Simons at Dior put sneakers on the heels and got shoes, reminiscent of the robots from Transformers , at Alexander McQueen,Sarah Burton redecorated ” Dr Martens ” with brocade embroidery, perforation , […]
Categories: Accessories, Fashion, Fashion Week • Tags: Alexander McQueen, Fall 2014, Miu Miu, Paris Fashion Week, Rick Owens, Saint Laurent, Stella McCartney
by The CoF
Rihanna was all over Paris Fashion Week Fall 2014. A source of inspiration for Balmain’s designer Olivier Rousteing or Tom Ford and siting in front row at his latest fashion show. Rihanna just loves the attention and fashion. The cover girl of Vogue US March 2014 issue RiRi told the magazine : “There’s people with way more talent than I when it comes to singing,bigger voices. But people want to know who you are. Fashion is a clear indication, a way to express […]
Categories: Celebrities, Fashion • Tags: balmain, Fall 2014, Givenchy, Lanvin, Paris Fashion Week, Rihanna, Stella McCartney
by The CoF
Oscar De la Renta Accessories Fall/Winter 2014-15 collection includes pointed toe pumps presented in gray suede leather, forest green snakeskin body with a t-strap and floral corsage ,black suede leather or black satin with gold embroidery. The Iman open toe bootie presented in black-white and brown hair calf leather and black buck leather. For next fall, slim shoulder bag and bucket bag in black or navy goat leather or black hair calf leather, addorned with long chain gold or slim handle. Satin,sequins and embroidery for the evening accessories […]
Categories: Accessories • Tags: Fall 2014, Oscar de la Renta
by The CoF
Roger Vivier fall/winter 2014-15 collection is inspired by a modern and luxurious Central Asian Bazaar. Creative director Bruno Frisoni played with rich colors and materials including calf hair, Mongolian lamb and metallic leathers.Sequins, lamé fabrics, silks and diamanté details decorated evening accessories. Square toe and commas heel for the Virgule2 ankle boots. Ines, the bag that takes its name from Ines de la Fressange, Roger Vivier ambassador,was presented in two version shoulder and shopper. Ornate versions came in embroidered suede or fur. “Frisoni also had fun with […]
Categories: Accessories • Tags: Bruno Frisoni, Fall 2014, Inès de la Fressange, Roger Vivier
